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Refractometer based on the working principle is based on total internal reflection. This instrument is used to measure gems by the critical angle and refractive index readings directly into value.

Total reflection condition:

1. High refractive index prism of the refractometer must be Optically dense medium

2. Gemstones to be measured optically thinner medium

3. Contact liquid between the Prism and test precious stones form a good optical contact

1. Gem Refractometer logging rotates 360 °, remains only a shadow border (constant), this gem for isotropic gems (single refracting gemstone).

2. Gem Refractometer to be measured on swivel up to 360 °, two shadow border, a shadow border is constant, another move, this gem for uniaxial Crystal gemstones. Value to a large value, or a light crystal gem if moved to the small value, or negative uniaxial Crystal light gems.

3. stay gem Refractometer measuring rotation 360 °, two shadow boundaries move means the jewel is biaxial Crystal gemstones. Such as high value exceeds the intermediate values, indicating ß values close to the alpha value for the biaxial Crystal being of light if shadow border low value exceeds the intermediate values, indicating ß values close to the gamma value for the biaxial Crystal negative character.

4. point measuring method (hyperopia technology law): small cabochon and faceted gemstones

1) clean the Prism and Ruby

2) stage in the metal contact point drop oil

3) of holding gems, with arc or a small facet on the exposed metal contacts oil oil droplet's diameter is 0.2mm

4) stained with oil drops of light in a prism of gems Central

5) from the eyepiece the eye 25-45cm, parallel to the eyepiece back and forth head

6) oil-drop half-junction of bright and dark, reading and recording, reading two digits after the decimal point